Research papers, theses and other work involving Anaero instruments.
UCL / Anaero Technology
Dose-response experiments examining short-term effects and long-term microbial adaptation to nano-magnetite.
Nautilus reactors.
Includes an Anaero-affiliated co-author. Economic findings are scenario-dependent model outputs.
Triplicate BMP comparisons assessing polymer-industry sludge and pretreatment options, including alkaline hydrolysis and solid–liquid separation.
Nautilus automatically stirred 1 L BMP reactors.
Results apply to the tested sludge and pretreatment conditions.
Thirty automated reactors were used for triplicate screening of eight organic waste types at 55°C over 25 days.
Two Nautilus systems; thirty automated 1 L reactors.
Net methane yields are distinct from gross biogas. Experimental stirring settings may differ from current instrument specifications.
University of York
A University of York facility profile describing sixty automatically fed, temperature-controlled 5 L digesters.
System-60: sixty 5 L automatically fed, temperature-controlled digesters.
A university facility resource, rather than a research paper. The year records the library’s 2026 access, not a confirmed publication date.
Technological University of the Shannon
A university equipment listing for a fifteen-vessel, 1 L batch system used for feedstock energy-yield assessment.
Nautilus 15 × 1 L batch fermenter.
The institution spells the model “Nautalis”. The year records the library’s 2026 access, not a confirmed publication date.
Pretoria Energy
A customer account of BMP testing for crop selection, gas per hectare, straw pretreatment and infrastructure decisions.
Anaero BMP equipment.
A company-hosted customer case study. The year records the library’s 2026 access, not a confirmed publication date.
Yi, M.; Blanco, E.; Campos, L.; Borrion, A.
Bioresource Technology Reports 35, 102896
Seven hourly-fed, 5 L reactors were operated for up to 308 days to investigate food-waste digestion, volatile fatty acids and buffering capacity.
The authors and company identify Lobster and Nautilus equipment in their publication announcement.
The accessible journal methods do not name the manufacturer. The buffering findings apply to the experimental system. Includes an Anaero-affiliated co-author; the earlier SSRN version is the same study.
Zhu, X.; Blanco, E.; Bhatti, M.; Borrion, A.
Methane 5(2), 14; 30 April 2026
Ten paired batch and long-term datasets were analysed using kinetic models and time-series techniques to investigate performance forecasting.
Analysis of existing experimental data; this is not a new equipment trial, and not all underlying datasets were generated using Anaero instruments.
Included as related analytical research. Anaero employment is disclosed in the paper.
Oram, L.
Doctoral thesis, University of South Wales, 2026
Sewage fermentation research examined pretreatment, operating conditions and product recovery to improve hydrogen and volatile fatty acid production.
Nautilus equipment used within the doctoral research programme.
The university records the degree award in 2026.
Nahar, K.; Krohn, C.; Hakeem, I.G.; Ngo, T.; Chiang, K.; Surapaneni, A.; Ball, A.S.; Shah, K.
Bioresource Technology 442, 133713
Three routes combining hydrothermal treatment and anaerobic digestion were compared for methane recovery and digestate quality.
Nautilus BMP testing.
Published online in November 2025 and assigned to the February 2026 journal volume.
Braga, A.F.M.; Lens, P.N.L.; Lyons, G.; Nolan, S.
Biomass and Bioenergy 212, 109297
Pig slurry and cereal straw were co-digested to compare heat pretreatment, biochar addition and operating conditions.
Nautilus BMP testing alongside semi-continuous digestion experiments.
Improvements observed in batch tests were not statistically confirmed during semi-continuous operation.
He, Y.; Zuo, Z.; Alissandratos, Y.; Willson, P.; Kazmi, S.; Blanco, E.; Brogan, A.; Guo, M.
RSC Sustainability, 2026
Research into the resource-recovery potential of expired functional drinks as a recurring beverage-industry waste stream.
Nautilus BMP testing.
A collaboration involving King's College London, Britvic and Anaero Technology.
Biasiolo, M.; Khorramian, N.; Tassinato, G.; Cavinato, C.
13th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management, Kos, 2026
A conference poster investigating organic loading and zeolite addition during volatile fatty acid production from organic waste.
Nautilus fermentation experiments.
The linked author post presents the poster. The conference programme lists the contribution under Biasiolo and co-authors.
Lawrence, J.; Pelagalli, V.; Collins, G.; Lens, P.N.L.
bioRxiv, 24 August 2026
A study of lanthanum chloride addition during anaerobic digestion, examining gas production and organic acid formation.
Nautilus BMP testing.
Published as a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed.
UCL / Anaero Technology
Batch and automatically fed trials comparing feeding frequency, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and organic loading in food-waste digestion.
Nautilus 15 × 1 L and Lobster Max 6 × 5 L.
Includes an Anaero-affiliated co-author. Results describe the tested feeding and loading conditions.
UCL / Anaero Technology
Batch and semi-continuous trials investigating nano-magnetite dosing and recovery strategies under acetate stress.
Nautilus 15 × 1 L; 750 mL working volume.
Includes an Anaero-affiliated co-author. The study evaluates the additive intervention.
UCL / Anaero Technology
Batch kinetics and long-term, stepwise dosing trials exploring nano-magnetite under volatile fatty acid stress.
Nautilus 15 × 1 L; 750 mL working volume.
Includes an Anaero-affiliated co-author. Economic findings are modelled and specific to the study.
King's College London / Marlow Foods; Monde Nissin funding acknowledged
Eighteen reactors were used to investigate temperature, stage configuration and microbial communities during mycoprotein-wastewater digestion.
Eighteen 5.5 L Anaero Technology CSTRs plus real-time Anaero gas composition/flow measurement.
The authors declared no competing interests; Monde Nissin funding is acknowledged.
RMIT / University of Queensland / Aalborg and collaborators
A 165-day study of organic shock, microbial shifts and foaming, using triplicate control and shock groups with hourly feeding.
Six 5 L Lobster Max CSTRs and Anaero gas-flow measurement.
The paper documents a mixing incident in one reactor alongside the process findings.
Cardiff University
Experiments exploring natural decay as a pretreatment for forest residues, with 35-day digestion trials.
Multiple 1 L Anaero reactors.
The study’s ash-wood figures refer to grinding energy in MJ/kg dry matter, rather than ash-content percentages.
A 39-day dark-fermentation study measuring biohydrogen production from high-solids food waste.
Anaero Nautilus continuous gas-flow meter connected to a custom 7 L reactor.
The 7 L reactor was custom-built; Anaero supplied the gas-flow measurement equipment.
Thermophilic start-up experiments at 55°C examining inoculum source and variable, heterogeneous feed in automatically fed reactors.
Two Anaero 5 L automatically fed stainless-steel reactors with PLC and gas measurement.
Findings depend on the inoculum and start-up conditions.
Dhaouefi, Z.; Taktek, S.; Bélanger, F.; Fortin, P.; Charbonneau, J.; Lange, S.; Horchani, H.
Energies 18(19), 5151
Researchers investigated invasive plant biomass as a source of biogas and digestate, including fertiliser and germination testing.
Methods §2.3.1 names 10 L Ray I reactors, operated at 55°C for 25 days to produce digestate for testing. The institution’s research story also identifies Medusa.
Smaller-scale gas-yield assays were a separate part of the work. No seed germination or regeneration was observed under the tested conditions; full-scale validation remains separate.
Zhu, X.; Blanco, E.; Bhatti, M.; Borrion, A.
Water Research 286, 124241
A 168-day experiment investigated how magnetite dosing affects recovery from organic overload, alongside the longer-term behaviour of the additives.
Methods §2.2 documents semi-continuous Nautilus experiments with a 750 mL working volume and daily feeding.
Moderate dosing improved methane production relative to untreated overloaded systems; high doses caused stress and aggregation. Results concern the dosing intervention. Includes an Anaero-affiliated co-author.
Gottardo, M.; Khorramian, N.; Pavan, P.; Battista, F.; Bolzonella, D.; Lauri, R.; Valentino, F.
Resources 14(3), 43
Food waste and sewage sludge were tested in a zeolite-assisted process exploring hydrogen production through dark and photo-fermentation.
The dark-fermentation methods identify triplicate Nautilus BMP tests.
Nautilus was used for the dark-fermentation tests. The subsequent photo-fermentation stage was separate, so whole-process results should not be attributed to the instrument alone.
Dabang, C.; Dehouche, Z.; Wissink, J.; Adeoti, A.; Baklit, G.; Emebu, S.; Blanch, G.; Yaman, R.
Journal of Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer 12(1), 195–206
A study of tropical crop wastes, including cassava, yam, cocoyam, rice husk and millet, with feedstock testing and hydrogen-injection experiments.
Methods §3.2 and results §4.3 identify Nautilus: fifteen 1 L vessels, a 700 mL working volume, 37°C and triplicate tests.
The paper contains conflicting yield, methane-purity and hydrogen-flow figures. Included as evidence of the research application without reproducing numerical performance claims.
Wu, Q.; Zhu, H.; Pan, F.; Lu, F.; Liao, Y.
Energy Proceedings 53; ICAE2024
A custom microbial electrolytic cell was used in a 34-day experiment investigating electrode performance and microbial communities.
Section 2.2 names the Anaero gas-flow meter in the experimental setup.
From the same research family as the 2023 carbon-felt electrode paper. The publications should not automatically be counted as independent experiments.
Zhu, X.; Blanco, E.; Bhatti, M.; Borrion, A.
Process Safety and Environmental Protection 204, 108090
A defined cellulose-based substrate was compared with food waste in short- and long-term digestion experiments, including organic-overload conditions.
Nautilus digestion experiments.
Includes an Anaero-affiliated co-author. The work examines both process performance and microbial responses.
UCL / Anaero Technology
Neural-network prediction using early biogas measurements from 446 tests across 112 substrates.
Nautilus reactors and Anaero gas-flow measurement.
Prediction accuracy applies to the dataset and model tested. Includes an Anaero-affiliated co-author.
Preliminary BMP screening of industrial wastewater and biochar before a separate semi-continuous validation stage.
Nautilus used for preliminary BMP screening.
The semi-continuous methane results came from non-Anaero equipment; Nautilus was used for the preliminary screening.
Elliott, J.A.K.; Krohn, C.; Ball, A.S.
Applied Microbiology 4(2), 682–703
Digestion testing and microbial analysis were combined in an investigation of 18 trade-waste samples from 11 industrial sites.
Methods §2.3 describes Nautilus or custom BMP equipment, used as applicable.
The study does not establish that every sample was measured with Nautilus. It belongs to the RMIT/Greater Western Water research programme and may share data with other publications from that programme.
Gao, Zhenghui
Cardiff PhD, 2024
Doctoral research into nature-based approaches to improving the suitability of wood waste as anaerobic digestion feedstock.
Section 4.2.2, printed pp. 94–95, directly names Anaero equipment.
Chapter 4 overlaps a related journal publication. A separate year-long forest-soil trial did not establish a significant methane benefit.
Jensen, C.M.
MS thesis, Brigham Young University, 2024
Bacterial inoculation was investigated for its effects on volatile fatty acids, solids breakdown and gas production from manure and waste-activated sludge.
Black Swan reactors.
The study compares Caldicellulosiruptor inoculation and different substrate treatments.
University of Plymouth and collaborators
An 11-week digestion study produced food-waste digestate for research into algal biomass and vitamin B12 accumulation.
Two 5 L Lobster Max digesters and Anaero gas-flow measurement.
Potential animal-feed applications were proposed by the authors; this does not constitute regulatory approval.
Long-running sludge digestion experiments examining how volatile solids destruction affects viscosity, dewatering and solid–liquid separation.
Two Lobster Max-i reactors; approximately 5.2 L.
Operating ranges apply to the material and process tested.
Wu, Q.; Xiao, H.; Zhu, H.; Pan, F.; Lu, F.
Energies 16(11), 4416
Composite carbon-felt electrodes were evaluated in a custom digestion and electrolysis system to investigate changes in biogas production.
Methods §2.3 names an Anaero gas-flow meter for gas measurement.
Anaero supplied the documented gas-measurement equipment, rather than the electrochemical reactor. The abstract contains inconsistent methane totals; those figures are not reproduced here.
Gao, Z.; Muaaz-Us-Salam, S.; Sapsford, D.; Cleall, P.; Harbottle, M.
9th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics, pp13–22
Forest-soil biodelignification and wood particle size were investigated as approaches to preparing wood waste for anaerobic digestion.
Section 2.2 names Anaero BMP equipment.
The reported comparison is biogas per gram of total solids. It should not be interpreted as methane yield per gram of volatile solids.
Replicated BMP tests and digestate analysis assessing grass whey, de-FOS whey and press cake from green biorefineries.
Anaero 15 × 1 L BMP system and gas-flow measurement.
Reported gas yields are specific to each feedstock.
University of York / Yorkshire Water research
Doctoral research using a 60-reactor facility to study wastewater-sludge retention times, feeding and decisions relevant to full-scale operation.
System-60: sixty 5 L automatically fed digesters designed by Anaero.
The thesis documents hardware and software issues, as well as retrofits.
Skripsts, E.; Mezule, L.; Klaucans, E.
Energies 15(12), 4333
Sludges and hydrolysis residues were tested with biodegradable surfactants to investigate feed combinations, process enhancement and inhibition.
Methods §2.2 names a 15-channel Anaero gas-flow meter, used alongside a RITTER meter with custom vessels.
The work includes both beneficial and inhibitory effects. Reported high meat-sludge yields need a normalisation check before numerical comparison. Related to the 2021 hay-substrate conference paper.
Yuan, Anyi (repository); Pulford, Anyi (title page)
University of York MSc by Research, 2022
Research into experimental methods for collecting the anaerobic digestion data needed to parameterise the ADM1 model.
Section 2.1.1 names six 5 L System-60 reactors. Manufacturer attribution is corroborated through Barnes’s thesis.
The manufacturer is not named in this thesis. The repository and title page use different surnames, and a gas-composition hardware failure limits the results.
Jacobs
Encina Wastewater Authority, 2022 report
A US utility evaluation of test and control process trains using two 10 L digesters and two 5 L hydrolysis tanks.
TM6 §2.2 describes four Lobster-i vessels with automatic feeding, heating, mixing and real-time gas measurement.
An engineering report documenting utility process evaluation, rather than a peer-reviewed journal article.
Skripsts, E.; Mezule, L.; Klaucans, E.; Romanovska, E.
Engineering for Rural Development, pp863–871
Biodegradable surfactants were evaluated with enzymatically treated hay, including the effect of loading on biomethane potential and inhibition.
Page 865 names Anaero’s 15-channel gas meter alongside RITTER equipment.
Higher loading caused inhibition. This belongs to the same research programme as the 2022 sludge and hydrolysis-residue journal article.
Ng, K.S.; Hatton, L.; Martinez-Hernandez, E.
Oxford final report; ISBN 978-1-7397541-0-5
An Oxford and Anaero collaboration investigated chemical production and volatile fatty acid yields from mixed food waste.
Section 6, p. 24, confirms the Oxford/Anaero research collaboration.
The report does not identify a specific instrument model or reactor count, or provide a quantified volatile fatty acid yield.
Chalmers University / VIVAB
A utility-laboratory evaluation of mini reactors, covering validation, semi-continuous operation and workload reduction.
Anaero Ray/Ray-i and Lobster Max-i.
The thesis records initial leaks, gas-meter and SD-card failures, and subsequent component changes.
Muaaz-Us-Salam, S.; Cleall, P.J.; Harbottle, M.J.
Science of the Total Environment 728, 138741
Enzymatic and bacterial treatments were compared for wood and newspaper, showing how pretreatment effects depend on the material being digested.
Manuscript pp. 7–8 identifies fifteen 1 L Anaero reactors and gas logging for experiments lasting 30–35 days.
Some interventions helped newspaper digestion but negatively affected wood. The Cardiff/EREF-funded work overlaps Muaaz-Us-Salam’s doctoral thesis in this library.
Muaaz-Us-Salam, Syed
Cardiff PhD; submission 2020, repository file 2021
Doctoral research into the biodegradation of model lignocellulosic wastes in laboratory bioreactors and landfills.
Section 3.2.1.2, printed p. 62, names fifteen 1 L Anaero reactors.
Dated November 2020 on the title page; the repository filename uses 2021. Chapter 4 overlaps the 2020 biodelignification journal article in this library.
McGrath, K.; Henry, W.
EP3755790A1; published 30 December 2020
Triplicate, 14-day experiments compared microwave-treated pig slurry with controls during the development of a third-party invention.
The examples and Figures 9–15 name Anaero BMP equipment and Arduino logging.
This is a third-party patent disclosure, not an Anaero-owned patent or peer-reviewed validation.
Wright, A. et al.
Food and Bioproducts Processing 124, 287–295
Research into plasma-assisted pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass before anaerobic digestion.
Nautilus BMP testing.
Spence, A.; Blanco Madrigal, E.; Patil, R.; Bajón Fernández, Y.
Bioresource Technology Reports 5, 243–250
A comparison of 29 organic materials explored anaerobic digestibility and the effect of blending agricultural feedstocks.
Equipment use is corroborated by a methods review and the research team’s conference showcase, rather than the publisher snippets available for the reference review.
This paper was funded by Anaero and includes a company-affiliated author. Feedstock-blend results describe the experimental comparison, rather than a general instrument performance gain.
Triana-Jiménez, K.M.; Velásquez Lozano, M.E.
Ingeniería e Investigación 39(2), 31–36
Municipal waste from two Colombian towns was tested to compare biogas production and its potential contribution to local energy supply.
Anaero BMP-RBP equipment with 1 L reactors was used for the digestion tests.
The experiments compared waste samples and inoculum proportions at 28°C.
Wen, X.
MSc thesis, Cranfield University, September 2019
Early gas-production measurements were compared with longer BMP tests to investigate warning signs of inhibition from feedstocks and contaminants.
Four Nautilus sets provided 60 one-litre reactors with gas-flow measurement at 37°C.
An Anaero-sponsored MSc project. The thesis treats rapid inhibition screening as preliminary research.
Davey, M.P.; Deshpande, R. (Patil); Blanco, E.; Ridley, C.; Norman, L.
Algal Bioenergy Special Interest Group SPARK Plus award completion report, March 2016
A follow-up algal biorefinery project examined additional species, pasteurisation and biomass grown on different wastewater sources.
Anaero batch-digestion equipment enabled 15 experiments to run in parallel.
Builds on the earlier microalgae SPARK project and is published as a technical report.
Deshpande, R. (Patil); Blanco, E.; Davey, M.P.; Parker, B.
Algal Bioenergy Special Interest Group SPARK award completion report, February 2015
Biogas potential tests compared three microalgal species with maize to explore energy and nutrient recovery from algal biomass.
Anaero BMP equipment was used to measure gas production during the digestion trials.
An Anaero Technology and University of Cambridge research collaboration, published as a technical report.
Try a different keyword or clear the filters to see the full library.
Explore the instruments behind the experiments, or talk to our team about your next study.
Published work using Anaero? Share it with us